ADDRESS 



TO THB 



ALUMNI AND GRADUATES 



s^« ^(Dm"^^^ (Q(Si^iiim(Qmi 



AND TO THIS FKIENSS OF 



EDUCATION IN MARYLAND. 



HECTOR HUMPHREYS, D. D. 

PRESIDGNT AND PROFESSOR OF MORAL SCIENCE, 
DELIVERED AFTER THE 

AWI^UAIi CO]»IlIEW€E]TIEWT 



IN 



FEBRUjiRY, 1835. 

ANNAPOLIS ; 

Printed at the request of the Visitors and Ooveruor« of 
the College, 



JEREMIAH HUGHES, Printer. 



^^t-1 

^,v 



ADDRESS, &c. 



It is easy, for a few moments of misapplied force, 
to overthrow the labours of centuries. No monument 
of genius or pvoduction of industry, is so permanent 
or glorious, that a very little effort, in an evil hour, 
will not sap its foundations and lay it in the dust. Ta- 
citus says, 'hit corpora lentc augescunt, cito exstin- 
^mmtur sic ingenia studiaque, facilius oppresseris 
quam rcvocaveris.^^ In the violent deaths of the most 
illustrious men of the empire, he was painfully con- 
trasting the power to destroy, with the capacity to 
produce. They were stricken, like stars from their 
spheres of light; and no creative power of genius 
could ever present the same combination again. No 
similar series of devoted years, can replace the indi- 
vidual, hero, or statesman, or philanthropist, who is 
lost. The times and occasions which called him forth, 
went with the exalted being, whom they produced; 
and they never can return. Instances of this fatality 
occur in every age, in one form or in another, to make 
man mourn over the wrecks of his best hopes. Over 
the grave of such a man as Hamilton, for example, in 
the promise that other sons may arise, our country 
finds no solace for the blow that struck from her em- 
brace, one of the noblest forms of humanity. 

"Soles occidcrc ac redirc possuivt. 
Nobis, cum semel occidit lux brevis, 
Nox est perpetua una dormienda." 

But it is not my purpose to speak of any individual 
however illustrious, who may have f^iUen by an un- 
timely fate. The event, with which we are concern- 
ed, aimed at no single victim, but struck the princi- 
ple and system of their whole life and being. Fifty 
years have now elapsed since an assembly of illustrious 
men deliberated and acted upon this spot with a view, 



as they themselves state, "/o train up ant} perpetuate 
a succession of able ana honest men ^ for discharging 
the various offices of life, both civil an4 religious, 
with usefulness an(J reputation^^ ■—z.n object which 
has always been ^'^ promoter} an(} encourage^ by the 
wisest ancf best regulated States.^^^ They knew that 
the power and permanence of a Republic, depended 
more on the moral and intellectual, than the physical 
energies; and they saw that the position of their 
State was favourable for the highest rank in the scale 
of political distinction. They were, also, aware of 
the influence to be exerted upon the world at large, 
by the experiment of our republican institutions. — 
They had some glimpse of the fearful rapidity with 
which the tide of population would fill a land ot free- 
dom. And ordinary prudence, suggested the need 
of prospective arrangements for the mental moral cul- 
ture of a people, who should spring into being while 
everything was to be prepared for their reception. 
They lost no time, in providing the most direct means 
for its accomplishment. Upwards of half a century 
has passed away; we stand upon the ground which 
they then occupied. It is ours to ask, to what extent 
their expectations have been realized; and it is obvi- 
ous to reply, that every anticipation of advancement 
in wealth and population, has been more than fulfilled. 
The growth of the Union has exceeded alike the 
alarms of tyrants, and the hopes of patriots; but the 
meansof education have NOT been multiplied in the 
same proportion. The increasing demand contem> 
plated by their provident purposes, has not been sup- 
plied; the institution which they planted, has not 
grown with the growth of the Republic — it has not 
strengthened with its strength. What that growth 
would have been if the axe had not been laid to its 
root, we cannot determine. One thing is certain; 
it can never be restored — the vigor and permanence 
of the monarch of the forest are due to the series of 
years in which he grew to the station he was to oc^- 
cupy on the everlasting hills. That distinction might 

■*Charler of St. John's. 



Irave been attained by St. John's, can no more be 
questioned, than that it has been attained by other 
institutions, planted in the same auspicious period, 
but not touched by the same suicidal power. Its des- 
tiny was amply fulfilled in its primitive period, dur- 
ing which a succession of ripe scholars went from its 
halls, who have not been surpassed, in our country, 
for respectability and usefulness. The names of those 
who have distinguished this period of its history, need 
not be repeated. They have not all been gathered 
to their fathers. They have survived to witness, in 
tiie fate of their alma mater, an exemplification of the 
relative facility, with which men build and destroy 
the towers of their own strength. The College might 
have become, ere this, all that its founders designed, 
or that their successors could have desired. The 
causes of the failure need not now be scrutinized. It 
is of little consequence from what quarter the de- 
stroyer came; whether he was from without, or 
"whether he sprang up from the very household. In 
either event, we should be reminded of the fatal 
power with which man is invested; and it would be 
equally our duty, to do justice to the dead, while we 
discharge our obligations to the living. 

It would be gratifying to discover a different ex- 
planation of some acknowledged facts in regard to Ed- 
ucation in Maryland, which are not very flattering to 
the pride of the State. But it is not to be supposed 
that a dependence upon the institutions of other States, 
would have been suffered, if a general seminary of the 
highest rank had been matured within her own bounds. 
The records of St. John's show that no such dispos- 
ition existed before she fell under the blast of adver- 
sity. In that period she educated considerable 
numbers from adjoining States, But the conse- 
quences of thef^Ual error,have unfolded and extended 
themselves down to the present times. For a series 
of years after that period, no account can be render- 
ed of this seminary, other than that which applies to 
the schools with which she was surrounded. They be- 
came productive nurseries for the Colleges of other 



6 

States; the power of conferring degrees was not indeed 
taken away; but it was made of no effect, by the imme- 
diate reduction of the standard of its scholarship, which 
followed the confiscation of its funds^ The worthless- 
ness of this power, unaccompanied by adequate means 
for its support, is almost annually exemplified in the 
College charters, which are granted to all such as ask 
them, provided they petition for nothing but the 
parchment on which the acts are written. And this 
process may go on till every acre of our territory 
shall be covered over with them; and it will only be 
made so much the more certain, that the testimonials 
of literary distinction will be sought elsewhere. 

Nor have the Colleges of other States been slow to 
avail themselves of the advantages thus afforded^ — they 
wisely extended their courses of education by collect- 
ing all that was necessary, at whatever cost. When 
legislative aid failed, private munificence supplied the 
deficiency. Every year increased the disparity be- 
tween the domestic and the foreign Institutions; and 
that, partly, at our own cost. Not content with the 
privilege of educating the youth of a destitute state, 
it was made the ground of a claim for the more direct 
aid of money, as well as of men. Thousands have 
thus gone out of Maryland, to fill up, as it were, the 
measure of her bounty. Distance has been no barrier 
to her diffusive liberality towards others. It has gone 
beyond the AUeghanies, to aid in making her depen- 
dance more permanent and extensive. In short, it 
has radiated from her, to gild the temples of science 
in all lands but her own; and that, when the cry, 
^'come over and help us,'' has been more loudly rais- 
ed in behalf of her own territory, than for those where 
her bounty has been lavished. Most of the old 
States made ample provision in early times, and ceas- 
ed not, to add whatever became necessary, by the 
advance of the population, and the extension of sci- 
ence. In all of the new States the most abundant 
provision has been secured from the avails of the pub- 
lic lands. In the mean time, the cause in Maryland 
has been kept alive by hope. Future generations are 



to realize something, when the claims against the 
General Government shall ultimately be settled. Thus 
has Maryland allowed others to do, in her behalf, 
what she could have done much better for herself. 
Jealous as she is, of every other right, this part of her 
sovereignty has lost its value. Though no office of 
imperial power is of a higher style, than that which 
wreathes the laurels of science around the brows of 
the deserving, she concedes it to others. And yet 
she retains the forms and the names. How does this 
contrast with her usual sensibility? Every inch of 
her domain she would guard with a monarch's power; 
the ten-thousandth fraction of her population she 
would "grapple, as with hooks of steel j" but, content 
with knowing that they are hers, she allows them to 
owe what allegiance they list, in the more elevated 
empire of letters. 

It is well worth all our attention to mark by what 
means this allegiance has been perpetuated. The 
majority of Teachers in Maryland, both private and 
public,are graduates of Colleges in other States. They 
exercise an imperceptible, and perhaps involuntary 
influence in favour of their own institutions. This is 
a natural and unavoidable result — and thus a College 
is rich, in the attachments of her alumni. In every 
clime, their hearts turn to her walls with aspirations 
for her prosperity; and as opportunities offer, they dc 
light in offices for her good. It is proper it should 
be so. But would it not, at the same tune, be pro- 
per that Mary land should avail herself of the benefits 
of these salutary ties? If the demand for teachers 
were supplied from our own ranks, this pow^erful 
moral influence would operate for her good. And 
what is of the utmost consequence to the cause of 
education, the people at large would be conciliated, 
as their private interests would be promoted. If the 
classes of our own population were made to furnish the 
men of this honorable and responsible employment, it 
would alone, go far to concentrate the now dispersed 
energies of the State. And if nothing shall be done 
for an object so desirable, where is the present sys- 



8 

tern to end? Is it one of those cases that will provide 
for itself? That experiment has been tried, and 
the result has been what it ever must be, where men 
are bound to rely upon their own resources; the opu- 
lent and powerful reap the advantage. There is but 
one mode by which success may be rendered certain. 
It is to adopt the very measures, by which others 
have profited; to collect from private sources what is 
needful to give effect to the public appropriations. — 
The endowment made by the Government is not sufii- 
cient to support a College; and the deficiency must be 
made up by those who feel interest enough, to induce 
their co-operation. It is impossible to retrace a 
single step that has been lost, by any other means than 
the opening of an institution of the highest order. 
Men of wealth will neither place their sons at a Col- 
lege, for education, nor will they empltvy its graduates 
as teachers, unless it sustains an elevated standard of 
scholarship. Our citizens love their State much; but 
they love their sons more; and they cannot be expect- 
ed to take an education at home, if a superior one can 
be obtained abroad. 

When I speak of an aUegiance paid to others, there- 
fore^ I mean nothing but what is obvious to every re- 
flecting mind. And every assemblage of the sons of 
Maryland, graduates of colleges in other States, will 
bear me witness on all occasions, when they meet at 
commencement festivals to revive the literary associ- 
ations of their early days, that exultation, in this re- 
spect, for their native State, is not one of the elements 
of the entertainment. Indeed no exercise of the su- 
preme power of the State, can be more suitable or 
glorious than this, which bids her sons to be grateful 
10 Aer, for the opportunities of distinction. Mary- 
land has not effectually exercised this branch of her 
prerogative. Nor does she manifest any pre^ew^ de- 
termination to do so, but it is precisely for this reason 
that I place my reliance upon private enterprize, 
Maryland did once exercise the power, in the crea- 
tion of the old University; but the dead letters of the 
statute book long stood as the ^^nomines umbra^^ oi 



the wisdom of a departed generation. The new Uni- 
versity has been as little successful, for the purposes 
in view. Indeed the latter is a pure usurpation of 
the name of the former. But the literary sceptre is 
still a mevQ^''brutum fulmeiiy^^ in the royal hand. It 
is idle to contend about a name. It is enough that 
the system framed by our forefathers is preserved. 
The charter of St. John's, has received new vitality 
and vigour from the legitimate source of power. 
Not a syllable or letter of the wisdom it contained in 
'84 has been lost. The voice of authority has only 
spoken to bid its provisions, again/to take effect; and 
she has appointed her own ministers, to see that her 
will shall be obeyed. In short, the legislation of the 
last two years has conferred upon St. John's, more of 
the character of a Stale InstitntiDn, than was posses- 
sed by the old University. The way then is proper- 
ly opened for the concentration of private munificence. 
The College has been re-udopted by the State, on 
terms which engage her highest officers to watch over 
its interests and extend its influence. 

The importance of this measure is evident, from 
the superior character of those Colleges in other 
States, which are placed under the inspection and 
patronage of their respective Governments. It so 
happens that the four principal Seminaries of the U- 
Tiion are thus organized, Harvard College, e. g. is the 
State College of Massachusetts. Its number of alum- 
ni is nearly six thousand. Yale stands in the same 
relation to Connecticut. The Governor, Lieutenant 
Governor and six of the State Senators, are of the Board 
of Trustees: and annual reports are made of its con- 
dition to the Legislature. She numbers about five 
thousand alumni; a body of men who have recently 
added Si 10,000 to her funds. Union College, and 
Nassau Hall are in the same relation to New York 
and New Jersey. In point of numbers, these two 
Colleges stand next to Yale and Harvard. That the 
eminence of those institutions is due to their State 
character, alone, is a position which I do not assume. 
2 



10 

Yet there are obvious reasons for believing that much 
has been owing to this feature; since other Colleges, 
in the same States, with faculties of equal ability and 
learning, do not attract the same numbers of students. 
It is natural to suppose that a State College is not 
so liable as others, to become sectarian. They are 
regarded more as common ground for all denomina- 
tions. Local Institutions, whi^h are under the par- 
ticular patronage of a sect, cannot be expected to de- 
rive much support from other sources. And yet, it 
is a perfect right of any denomination of christians, 
to endow, and place under the exclusive care of pro- 
fessors of their own faith, Institutions for their own 
benefit. It is perhaps wise to do so; for such semi- 
naries are now^ supported by most denominations as 
their nurseries for the ministry. Still, such institu- 
tions are not adapted to the general wants of the com- 
munity, unless the principle be adopted to make them 
as numerous as the names of christians; which would 
be to abandon all the advantages of concentrated ef- 
fort. The successful operation of sectarian institu- 
tions in a State,so far then, from superceding, would 
rather require the establishment of at least one State 
College, not governed by private interests. It is rea- 
sonable to expect, that such a College, only, can at- 
tract general patronage. In this respect, the organi- 
zation of St. John's leaves nothing to be desired. It 
was founded by men of the various christian creeds, 
who gave it a charter, decidedly christian, but Catho- 
lic. No individual can sit in her Board of Trustees 
who does not express his unqualified belief in the 
christian religion. And the principle is carried to 
its proper extent in the government of the College. 
It is equally removed from both extremes. And the 
presence in the Board of Trustees, of so large a por- 
tion of public and political men together with its respon- 
sibility to the Legislature, secures the college from 
the influence of sectarianism. 

I reiterate, then, that the system of our forefathers 
is preserved. And a better system could not be devised 
for a college, of the most extensive scale. It is only 



11 

required then ^ to ^ive this STjstem the necessary en- 
largement. If we were to begin, de novo, iQ frame 
the best system which the wit of man can furnish, we 
should end precisely upon this scheme. It has never 
needed any thing but funds^ additional funds, to give 
it successful action. Not only has a good foundation 
been laid, but it has been rightly laid. The failure has 
resulted from withholding the supplies required for 
the superstructure. 

That these necessary supplies can he obtained from 
the liberality of our citizens, is the next point which 
comes under our consideration. And on this branch 
of the subject, I am happy to quote the strong lan- 
guage of a most respectable committee appointed last 
year, to visit the college, on the part of the Legisla- 
ture. In adverting to this mode of obtaining funds, 
the committee remark, "/? is an expedient resorted 
to by many flourishing Seminaries of learning in 
distant States^ to which our oivn citizens have liber- 
ally contrihuted,whilst the unpretending character of 
this Institution has shrunk from resorting to so fa* 
miliar and legitimate a mode of obtaining assistance 
— and seems to have laboured under the belief that 
the repeal or revocation of legislative endowments, at 
the same time annulled the right to collect individual 
subscriptions. The authority and policy of such a 
measure, are urged on the consideration of the Fisi- 
tors and Gove)^no?'s, and earnestly commended to the 
public.^^* Under this impulse, we have commenced 
our appeal. We have believed that the existing state 
of education in Maryland cannot be allowed to remain 
unchanged. The people will be just and true to their 
vital interests, as they have been generous and liberal 
to those of others. The natural results of leaving pow- 
erful and active neighbours, to make the most of their 
opportunities have been sufficiently developed. The 
College, therefore, confidently appeals to the patrons 
of learning, and hopes for some portion of the bounty 
to which none can present a stronger claim. 



*Repoitby the Hon. John B. Monis, 



12 

Our expectations thus far have not been disappoint- 
ed. Should uniform success attend our efforts, in 
every part of our State, the end in view will be fully 
and finally accomplished — and have we not reasonable 
grounds to look for such co operation? It is univer- 
sally conceded, that something must be done. And 
our reply is, either propose something better, or cast 
in 5our influence with ours. It is thought reasonable 
that the effort should be made here, because, so much 
has already been done to our hands. And it can raise 
no doubt, in the mind of a reflecting, well informed 
man, that the institution has laboured so long, without 
effecting more. It should rather excite admiration 
that she has done so much. The causes that have op- 
erated to prevent greater success, are not unfrequent- 
ly manifested in human affairs; and they work with un- 
controidable power, even where we seem to be the 
masters of our fate. There is a condition of the mind, 
under sudden calamity, in which it is as hopelessly 
indisposed to act, as the physical energies are, under 
the stroke of paralysis. The depression of the public 
mind, and the inactivity of the public will, in regard 
to education, was the consequence of the overthrow 
of the old University. In the long repose which fol- 
lowed, there was a perfect consciousness of the incubus 
which pressed on the bosom of the State. And occa- 
sional efforts were made to throw it off. Inadequate 
efforts however, always increase, rather than alleviate 
the burden. They invariably add to the fears of the 
weak and the faintness of the timid. But there is 
nothing impracticable in the present scheme. It is 
indeed impossible now to restore what has been irre- 
trievably lost. The strong feeling and support of those 
who should have been alumni of St. John's, have been 
transferred elsewhere. The blank of the barren years 
never can be filled. It is a moral waste of those as- 
sociations that cling around the walls of time honour- 
ed and well cherished institutions, which no vain re- 
grets, or pious offices can repair. But the impossi- 
bility of recovering these, should stimulate us the more 
to prevent further loss. Every year adds immeasura- 



13 

bly to the sacrifice. And it is in our power, proper- 
ly supported by the public favour, to bring these sa- 
crifices to a perpetual end. Surely then every por- 
tion of Maryland will lend its aid in a design, which 
so nearly concerns all, and where there is so much 
reason to hope for success. It is half of the enterprise 
to have made a just beginning. But we have done 
more. The elements of a respectable College, for a 
limited number of pupils, are now assembled. The 
most pressing need is that of the proper buildings to 
receive the much larger numbers who in the event of 
their being opened would resort to her Halls. 

It is assumed that no College can flourish here, or 
elsewhere, unless the pupils reside with the- officers 
and Professors, whose duty and interest it is, to save 
them from evil, as well as to open the fountains of 
knowledge. I am confident therefore, when this mat- 
ter is understood, that the people of Maryland will 
afford us this indispensable requisite for our prosperity 
and their own safety. I am unwilling to suppose that 
such an appeal can suffer a cold repulse. It is im- 
possible for me to doubt, that the work of solicitation 
which I have so far prosecuted, with pleasure and suc- 
cess, will find a cordial welcome from every intelli- 
gent mind, and every generous heart. 

The proposed method of obtaining funds, is not 
only the most certain, but the most equitable^ or at 
\G,diSt^the\nos,t expedient. Not that injustice would 
be committed, if, as has been done in .-jome other 
States, the whole necessary amount were to be appro- 
priated from the public Treasury. It would be as 
reasonable to affirm an inequality in the degrees of 
protection extended by the Government to the various 
classes in society. The influence of education, is 
diffusive as the light. It may be more concentrated 
in some places than in others, but no one is more 
deeply interested, than another, in its universal circu- 
lation. Still, there is a belief, that seminaries of 
learning do not operate equally, in favour of all class- 
es. And it would be well to remove even this appar- 
ent ground of hostility to the cause of Education — 



and nothing would do this more effectually than cori" 
tributions made by the wealthy portion of the com- 
munity, for the purpose of placing a College within 
the reach of others, as well as their own. Such con- 
tributors, themselves, would be no losers; while the 
less opulent, would participate in advantages from 
which they are now excluded. In other words, an 
institution would be opened for their accommodation, 
which is now too remote, or too expensive, for their 
means. Thus both w^ould be benefitted. The preju- 
dices and errors, moreover, which prevail on this 
subject, would be dispelled. The people would not 
be slow to perceive the equity of this kind of endow- 
ments, however unwilling they may now be, to admit 
the justice of the public bounty. All interests would 
then, be combined. There would be no deficiency 
of means to carry out the provident designs of our an- 
cestors. Their noble system would be completed, 
and its blessings would extend to thousands and tens 
of thousands of the generations yet to come. 

It is proper I should embrace this occasion, to do 
justice to the valuable schools, of a high order, which 
are supported by public appropriations; The policy 
thjiit established these, was undoubtedly good; yet it 
was hut partially good, so long as it stopped short of 
endowing, at least one general institution, of the high- 
est rank, to perform for them all, the office that has 
been so long enjoyed by the Colleges of other States, 
and to render them among other benefits in return, 
an adequate supply of teachers, taken from the meri- 
torious sons of the State. Within their appropriate 
sphere, these schools are instruments of incalculable 
good. They give a substantial education to vast num- 
bers of invaluable men. Yet the fact is un(}ispute(}^ 
stilly that they are the nurseries, from which the 
Colleges in other States are liberally suppliecj. Nor 
is it of any avail, to say that distinction is often obtain- 
ed by such as seek no higher opportunities than they 
can afford. How many distinguished individuals have 
sprung from the emergencies in which they were 
placed; and from the exciting causes which in every 



15 

age and countuy, call forth the highborn energies of 
genius! Yet all this does not prove that a superior 
seminary of the arts and sciences, would not add im- 
measurably to the mora! and intellectual standing of 
the State; and by consequence, to her power and in- 
fluence, in every point, that enhances the respecta- 
bility, the refinement, and the happiness of a people. 
An aspiring youth, should seek every opportunity for 
mental culture, that is afforded to tliose, with whom 
he may be called to cope, in the arena of civil and 
political strife. If his State does not judiciously make 
this provision for him at home, he owes it to himself, 
to seek it abroad. That he will so seek it, is as cer- 
tain as that he possesses sufficient pecuniary means. 
And is this a conclusion, that will satisfy the great 
body of the people of a powerful State! Will they 
think it enough, that the privilege falls to the lot of 
the few, by the mere accident of fortune! Or, when 
rightly understood, will they require it to be open to 
the entire population, for the freest developement of 
native talent! Great men do, sometimes, rise by ac- 
cident. Yet the country that thinks it useless, to 
foster native talent, may chance to find them, rare as 
good men were, in the times of the s?itirist — 

"Rail quippe boni; numerus vix est lotiJem quot, 
Tliebarum porlae, vel divilis ostiaNili." 

In times of civil commotion, when a State enters the 
lists, by her Representatives, what shall sustain her 
honor, or defend her interest, but the intellectual 
might of her chosen men! Jealousies, dissentions, 
disputes and collisions, are ever liable to arise among 
the several members of this Union, in which the une- 
qual contest, may place power in the room of justice. 
Maryland has known, what it was to-bave a Pinkney 
in the councils of the nation. She may need an un- 
divided phalanx of such sons, in future struggles, 
when her rights shall be at stake. Occasions often 
arise, when the whole moral energies of the people 
are absorbed, in the one point in debate. It is then 
the State feels a conscious pride in the efforts of her 
champions, who grapple with the giant minds, engag- 



16 

ed to repel her claims, or thwart her purposes. It is 
then, in one short hour of triumph, that a favourite 
son repays a thousand fold, the costliest nurture that 
nerved his arm for the conflict. And can a State ra- 
tionally expect the highest devotion of her sons, if 
she makes not such provision, as will kindle their 
pride for the land of their birth! If she sends them 
to other nurses, m the years of their tenderest sus- 
ceptibility, what can she expect, other than a weak- 
ening of their native, characteristic enthusiasm. 

No people on earth are more strongly incited to 
the highest cultivation of the intellect. As a whole 
people, the union of these States has relations to sus- 
tain towards other portions of the world; which task 
the powers of the mind to the utmost of its exertion. 
And what shall we say of them as individual sovereign- 
ties bound, indeed, by a solemn confederacy, but gov- 
erned by peculiar interests; powerful as the kingdoms 
of the old world, and like them, liable to be summon- 
ed to trials of their strength? Do we not perceive that 
all of these powerful Republics have everything to 
promise themselves, froYn the encouragement they 
may extend to education; and everything to fear from 
a relative neglect? And are we not aware that Mary- 
land has reasons, eminently urgent, to draw from art 
and science whatever aids she may for the protection of 
her territory, or the increase of her power? The em- 
ulation which she ought to feel, to open wide, for the 
access of her citizens, all those resources of wealth, 
which her powerful rivals are striving to unlock, can- 
not, for a moment, lose sight of the advantages which 
a nation derives from the diffusion of knowledge. It 
is her fortune, and it may be her fate, to embrace in 
her territory an extensive sea» The largest avenue 
to the very heart of the Union is in her keeping? 
She cannot he insensible to the benefits, or to the 
dangers of this charge. Whether this last golden 
prize of freedom, our Union is to be preserved, or 
to be shivered into the fragments which our enemies 
would delight to see scattered among the wrecks of 
past ageS; Maryland must not ignobly rest: Nor has 



17 

she thus slumbered, over her fortune or her fate! — 
The magnificent public works, now in progress, which 
are alike promotive of the arts of peace, and prepara . 
atory for the exigencies of war, evince a commond- 
able degree of that wakeful foresight, to which na- 
tions, as well as individuals, owe their honour and their 
power. She has but to go on in these grand high 
ways, which nature has marked as with lines of light, 
to and from her commercial Emporium, as a common 
centre; she has but to complete what she has so ju- 
diciously begun, and her high destiny will be fulfilled. 
And tvill she sleep over the all important machine- 
ry of education, to which, ,^above all other means, 
she must look to bear her onward to this goal of her 
highest hopes? On this point, is there nothing 
to be desired? If she relies on such practical and scien- 
tific skill, as some few of her sons may bring from dis- 
tant States, or from foreign kingdoms, will she ac- 
complish all that her destiny evidently invites! Is 
she not aware, that education is the life and soul of all 
these improvements, in the moral and physical condi- 
tions of men! Science must devise the plans; and sci- 
ence must carry them into execution. Look at the 
kingdoms, which have made themselves powerful by 
a proper use of their natural advantages, and the les- 
son is everywhere the same. Science is the source 
of all human power, over the secret agencies of na- 
ture. She ascends into the skies; and she penetrates 
into the earth. She makes her paths through the 
trackless ocean, as well as over the rugged continent. 
Whatever can add to the comfort and safety, or ex- 
pand the intelligence and happiness of men, comes 
directly or indirectly, from that sleepless spirit, in 
which she is ever engaged, '^asking questions ofna- 
turtP And, from the days of Bacon, to the present, 
it would seem that mere magnitude of dangers, or of 
difficulties, has only added to her activity. Take any 
single instance of English enterprise, that you may 
choose, and the lesson will be uniformly the same, 
namely, that a State which aims at the pre-eminence 
in commerce, in agriculture, or in arts, must, first of 
3 



18 

all, pour her encouragements into the lap of science. 
On the coast of that classical country, there is a spot, 
which had proved the grave ot thousands of enterpri- 
sing men, drawn to her shores by the magic of her 
arts, but snatched away by unseen dangers, more aw- 
ful than the Scylla and Charybdis of the ancients, be- 
cause no saving light was held out, to warn the un- 
conscious mariner of his inevitable fate. Every effort 
to maintain the necessary beacon, on this perilous 
spot, had signally failed. Precious lives had been 
sacrificed in vain, for this humane purpose. The 
whole science of England, a century ago, was brought 
into requisition; and, it was, at last, accomplished.— 
In the midst of the wild waste and war of the waters, 
far from the reach of land, it rises,* over the fatal 
gulphs, the star of the tempestuous ocean; and its 
light is fed by a human hand, where it would seem 
none would presume to venture but the Fiat of Om- 
nipotence! Years and years have rolled away since it 
was first kindled by the torch of science; but it shines 
on, in the darkest night of the ocean whirlwinds, and 
the heart of the exhausted sailor leaps for joy, as he 
catches its flickering ray, and blesses his God that 
man is gifted with next to creative power! 

I have purposely taken a case, which seems to have 
presented a problem, a century since, to show that 
life, as well as property, depends upon the ordinary 
skill of the engineer. The mere amount of property, 
thus saved by a single eftort, would more than suflice 
to endow the schools of an entire country. But what 
is this, compared with the lives of men? We might 
mention instances of a character more purely scien- 
tific, in which the lives of thousands and tens of thou- 
sands have been spared, in the compass of a few yeare, 
by the encouragements held out by this same intelli- 
gent country. 

But take the most recent, mere business enterprise, 
and the conclusion is the same. Take, e. g, the 
Tunnel, that is now constructing under the Thames. 



'Eddyslone Liglil. 



19 

Run your eye over the map of that greatest commer- 
cial emporium of the world, and you see at a glance 
the cause which required the adoption of a method so 
extraordinary. Up to the middle of the 1 8th;- centu- 
ry, only the London Bridge was open for the passage 
of the multitudes, which must daily cross that vital 
river of the resources of England. But the first suc- 
cessful step was immediately followed hy others of 
equal magnitude; and six of those costly structures 
are now open in the proper limits of London. An o- 
pinion of their importance may he formed from the 
returns of the two principal. Upwards of 5000 ve- 
hicles of various descriptions, and about 70,000 foot 
passengers, besides horses, are said to cross the Loh- 
don Bridge in a single day. At the Black Friars 
Bridge, there cross daily about 4O00 vehicles, and 
upwards of 60,000 foot passengers. Millions and mil- 
lions of pounds sterling were expended to open these 
avenues, so indispensable to the action of the great 
heart of the British Empire. But this brings us to the 
problem of the further contemplated facility required 
by the business of this untiring people. The har- 
bour of the city, ends at the London Bridge. All the 
other Bridges are above this point; and below it the 
surface of the Thames is covered by the commerce of 
the world. Yet, here the necessity is the most pres- 
sing, for a broad and open avenue, between the twO 
shores. To know that it was all important to the 
busincisof tbe people, was to decide that z7 must he 
done. It is not needful to detail hoilj it must be done; 
or to name the able Engineers who were successively 
baffled, and gave it up in despair. It is enough that 
it is virtually achieved, and that science has won the 
victory over the obstacles of nature. Instances like 
these^ ought not to De lost upon the intelligence of any 
enterprising State; since, in proportion as facilities 
are given to the healthful growth of the commercial 
metropolis of a country, which is^ as it were, the very 
heart of its being, they add vigour and activity to the 
remotest members of the whole body, in which, its 
life blood circulates. How impolitic then, for a povv- 



20 

erful State, to forego the advantages which arise from 
the cultivation of the highest branches of knowledge? 
a cultivation, without which, her own people cannot 
be brought, adequately to understand, and universally 
to appreciate the eminent propriety of pursuing 
those vast internal improvements, upon which the full 
development of her resources depends: a cultivation 
moreover, without which, it is impossible for any one 
people, perfectly to avail themselves of the scientific 
discoveries and improvements of every other people 
under heaven. We must cultivate science largely at 
home, to enable ourselves to import, and transplant, 
and make productive, the science of other climes. 
It requires veterans even to follow up, and render 
available, the very victories which fame has proclaim- 
ed to the scientific world. And in this aspect of the 
subject, it is cheering to remember, that Maryland 
has taken measures to bring into her bosom, the dis- 
coveries and avails of that science, which, {gratia 
Terrse Mairis) ought to have been earliest, but is actu- 
ally reaching perfection latest of all, I mean Geology, 
It is not needful now, to detail the advantages of this 
undertaking, I may be allowed to remark, however^ 
in passing, that no similar expenditure promises re- 
nown or benefit to Maryland, proportioned to that of 
the geological and topographical survey, in whichy 
this State has given the lead to some of her sister 
States, that had anticipated her in the general cause 
of education, but which will not, I am confident, be 
slow to imitate this j udicious exercise of her power. 
Yet obvious as these facts and principles are, there 
are men who wage a relentless war against the only 
JYaiional Institution, from which the Union has de- 
rived signal advantage! If that fails, the States must 
rely entirely on themselves. And upon whom should 
a sovereign State depend, but upon her own sons, 
reared by her own care, and devoted to her own ser- 
vice?* A strong voice comes down from our fore- 



*J. H. Alexanckr Esq, Engineer of the State Survey, is a graduate 
of St, John's. 



21 

fathers, and urges us onward. It tells us that respect 
for their memories, if regard for our interests, be 
not enough, should impel us to repair the desolations 
of former generations. It tells us that to leave their 
wort unjQnished, is the foreboding omen that patriot- 
ism is degenerating; and that the temple of liberty,- 
as well as that of science, is crumbling into dust! 

Moved by considerations like these, our nearest 
neighbour, the powerful State of Virginia, within a 
few years past, has provided largely for domestic ed- 
ucation; and her success is decisive. When we turn 
our eyes from our southern border and look toward 
the eastern, we find no general institution nearer than 
Princeton, that draws support from any considerable 
portion of our citizens. Between these two State In- 
stitutions lies a territory, abundantly competent to 
the support of a College of the highest class. The 
students who leave these bounds would of themselves 
fill such an Institution. The wisdom and foresight 
of the founders of St, JoJuv's, cannot be more stink- 
ingly exhibited^ than by this statement. Had their 
plans been carried out, the wants of the present peri- 
od would have been supplied. Provision must now 
be made for the increasing demand of the rising gene- 
rations. There is no time to be lost. Examples 
everywhere urge us to advance. Encouragements 
will accumulate as we proceed. Such is the invari- 
able reward of enterprise. How often do we hear of 
the noble bequests of entire fortunes to such Institu- 
tions, which, however ample their means may be, for 
the present times, require a rapid extension to meet 
the claims of the future! Many an individual is pos- 
sessed of wealth, who has no particular disposition to 
make of it, after his death. And what disposition 
could so naturally occur to a noble mind, as that which 
would make it useful, in perpetuity, after it had ceas- 
ed to be so in possession. By means like these the 
most flourishing seminaries of the Union have been 
perpetuated. And thus, all things fall into the hands 
of those who strive nobly to perform the part allotted 
them by Providence. It is the emphatic assurance 



22 

that/o/«m who hath f more shall be given^and he shall 
have abundance. And I am constrained to say that 
were a rich estate in Maryland to be tha<^ disposed of, 
at the present period, it would be quite as liable to 
fall to some wealthy institution abroad, as to minister 
to the wants of a needy one at home. All these ad- 
vantages will continue to be dispersed, until some 
system of more concentrated action, shall be effectu- 
ally adopted. Neither the rich nor the poor, are con- 
tent with the existini; state of education. The inte- 
rests of both, will be promoted by such an enlargement 
of St. John's, as shall make her walls accessible to the 
one, and acceptable to the other. 

And, is there not some more heart-stirring view of 
the subject, in reserve, which will rouse my hearers, 
to action! We have examined the case of those who 
leave the Academies and resort to foreign Colleges, 
to complete their education. Let me ask then, in one 
word, what is the gsfteral situation of those, who re- 
main inactive at home, after their course in the Aca- 
demies, is terminated? Generally speaking, it is ap- 
prehended that mere neglect of talent, is not the 
worst of the evil. If employment be not afforded, 
they are liable to sink into dissipation and vice. '1 he 
dangers of a youth of talents, are multiplied. His 
path is beset by tempters, who make him their leader 
in iniquity. He is not compelled to resort to busi- 
ness; he is not inclined to shut himself up alone, td 
pursue the pleasures of learning. Ruin is almost the 
inevitable consequence. How many a youth, thus 
situated, could be saved, if, instead of being left at 
large, at this period, he were subjected for an addi- 
tional four years, to the restraints of College discipline, 
and engaged in the invigorating exercises and pur- 
suits of science? The mind would acquire more 
strength and capacity; the habits would become fixed. 
The youth would be better prepared to act on his own 
responsibility. He would not enter life too soon. The 
prevailing inclination for quitting study, at too early 
an age, would no longer be entertained. Indeed, this 
very evil, has directly resulted from the want of a 



23 

general institution of the highest rank, to receive 
this class of young men, and to occupy them usefully, 
between the ages of 16 and 20, in consequence of 
which, they have either been left to themselves, or 
have, prematurely, swarmed into the so called ^'learn- 
ed professions. '^ And, what earthly purpose can be 
secured by committing an unfledged sciolist under 
the sound of a professional name, to the patronage of 
the public! The most natural result will be, to leave 
him, ordinarily, an easy victim to mortification, inac- 
tivity and ruin. It is to no purpose to quote exam- 
ples of professional distinction, in men who have 
raised themselves without the advantages of a regular 
education. Such professional characters are always 
known to lament the limited extent of their opportu- 
nities; and, however distinguished they may have be- 
come, they are conscious that a better education would 
have enhanced their own satisfaction and success. 
In short, they are proverbial illustrations of the lines 
of the Roman Censor: 

"Sumtnos posse viros el magna exempla daluros, 

Vervecum in patria^ crassoque sub acre nasci." 

It has become fashionable for the young to enter the 
professions, while they ought to be entering College; 
and it is not surprising that the common sense of the 
people, shocked at the results, regards all education 
as futile and perhaps pernicious. 

I will not trespass further on the attention of the 
audience. It has been my wish to unfold some of the 
more important bearings of the subject, by a plain 
matter of fact statement, for those vitally interested. 
I appeal to the judgment of every individual, whether 
the statement does not contain the truth; I ask, is 
there not ample and urgent cause for the aid of every 
friend of the best interests of the State? The central 
position of St. John's, favours the proposed concen- 
tration of effort. That its founders placed the Col- 
lege here, evinces their sense, moreover, of the value 
and necessity of the supervision of the Government, 
The amount of iiberality solicited from any individu- 
al, does not exceed what is ordinarily extended by 



24 

the opulent, almost every year, to mere local charities. 
Yet, the present is a State object, and the good to be 
derived is universal and incalculable. It will be the 
saving of immense sums of money to our citizens. It 
will confer upon thousands^ to whom it must otherwise 
be denied, tht» benefit of a public education. It will 
reclaim from miseraployment and corruption, untold 
numbers of those whose hands will hold the future 
destinies of the Republic. It will preserve the ele- 
vated standing of the liberal professions, by prevent- 
ing the introduction of a multitude of half-educated 
men. It will conduce, every way, to the honour and 
welfare of the State, by an augmentation of her moral 
power and political influence. It will operate on the 
whole mass of the people, by the more ample and 
more appropriate provision of teachers for their chil- 
dren. It will create an independence of feeling and 
of action, that can spring from nothing short of the 
supply of our intellectual wants, from our domestic 
resources The people will become more enlightened 
and united, more enterprising and prosperous; and, 
it is not too much to add, the happier and the more 
free. I appeal, therefore, to your judgments, to 
your interests, to your patriotism and to every good 
and generous feeling, that may move you to take de- 
light in promoting the welfare of the present and fu- 
ture generations, for such portion of patronage and 
support, as may seem required by this ancient and 
deserving seminary of the State. 

Young Gentlemen, Graduates op St. John's: 
the remarks which I have made, afford an occasion 
for a parting word to you. It is your fortune to go 
out from our College, at a period of no common inter- 
est. All the noble incentives and enthusiastic sen- 
timents that enter into the origin of a great institution, 
and distinguish its early history, from all succeeding 
periods, must now operate on you. We are engaged 
in an enterprize which is worthy of the best exertions 
of every friend of education, and every lover of his 
country. When once accomplished, it will be re- 



2i5 

ihembered and celebrated in after times, as a new era 
irt the history of the College, propitious to the 
glory of the Republic. You are more deeply con- 
scious than those who may come after you, of the 
difficulties to be surmounted, the necessities to be 
supplied, the prejudices to be overcome, the discou- 
ragements to be endured, and the opposition, of 
whatever kind, to be encountered, to conduct this 
enterprize to a successful termination. You partici- 
pate in all the motives and feelings that urge the friends 
of your Alma Mater, to press on with the good work. 
You cannot fail to cherish these feelings and obey 
these impulses, when you leave these walls and enter 
those busy scenes, that will remind you at every step^ 
of the nurture you have received at her hands. To 
incentives like these, the early Graduates of St. John's 
owed much of their distinction. It was their fortune 
to feel the original impulse, communicated by th6 
moral energies that brought the institution into being. 
You cannot stand, on the same elevation that inspir- 
ed them, with lofty purposes. But the only difference 
between you is, that you occupy a position a little lower 
down in the valley of time. You have every motive 
that could stimulate them, to stamp on the primitive 
days of its history, the undying traits of their own 
character. It will be your part, and that of the pu- 
pils now in the keeping of j^our Alma Mater, to make 
this second epoch conspicuous, for the virtues and 
talents with which it may be emblazoned. Let this 
thought arouse every power of your souls, to sleepless, 
tireless action. It matttrs not, in what capacity you 
may be called to act, for the benefit bf men. In 
every honourable employment, your success will 
promote her interests, no less than your own. She 
has watched over you with parental solicitude, in the 
critical years of her guardianship; and she will now 
follow you with fervent aspirations, for your useful- 
ness, and distinction. In every great and good action 
you may perform, she will feel herself elevated; and 
she will exult in the approbation of your fellow-men. 



26 

It is not possible for the parents whose prayers have 
gone up to God for you, while you were absent froai 
their firesides, to feel for you, a livelier thrill of in- 
terest. Your elevation will become her chief joy; 
your degradation (if disappointment must come,) will 
be her keenest sorrow! 

^ Weigh well, then, the responsibility of your rela- 
tions. When some fifty years shall have rolled away, 
it may happen that one of your number, more fated 
than the rest, shall look around. him to read the record 
of your deeds, in the remembrance of an impartial 
people. Human foresight cannot penetrate the veil 
which conceals the changes that must pass over these 
shores before such a survey shall be made. The pre- 
sent States may be obliterated, and other kingdoms 
come into being, before the last of your number shall 
he laid in the dust. But, come what changes may, 
the seats of learning, it may be hoped, will stand un- 
changed, but in the more frequent and full affections 
of their sons, with which they will have been hallow- 
ed! The cause of Letters, is the cause of Humanity 
and of God. Its consecrated temples, together with 
those of religion, are saved, when the political fabric 
of a country is shaken into ruins! Would that we 
might feel some prophetic promise, that the individu- 
al of you, who shall thus visit, for the last time, these 
academic shades,shall find your names written on those 
pages of her records, where your Alma Mater delights 
to read the history of the eminent individuals who 
have gone before you in the race of honour. 

This is not the time to urge the higher sanctions of 
God and of Eternity. If the occasion allowed, I 
would show that you are urged, not only by every- 
thing that can engage you all'ections as sons, as citizens 
and as philanthropists, but as probationers for a state 
of unending happiness, to sustain a seminary, destined 
to advance the spiritual as well as the temporal inte- 
rests of men. The faith we profess and the hopes that 
we cherish, (3ome from that same divine volume, that 
invites and invokes the lights of learning and philoso- 



27 

phy, no less than the spirit of meekness and submis' 
sion, to shed upon its pages additional proofs that the 
way of holiness must be sought by the oracles of its 
wisdom. Here we discover what is needfull to re- 
move the fears of superstition, to quiet the alarms of 
ignorance, and to disarm the terrors of death. What- 
ever is required to purify the heart, to guide the un- 
derstanding, to govern the moral feelings, in short to 
prepare the spirit for the society of angels, is unfolded 
in the sound morality and quickening faith of this re- 
vealed word: and from it, we derive the only well 
grounded assurance, that this world is destined to be- 
come the undisturbed residence of happiness and 
peace! These are the sentiments and principles that 
placed you in our care; and with these you should re- 
join the expecting friends, whose hearts are thrilling 
with the liveliest emotions to receive you. Think 
then of the parents who are entitled to the warmest 
gratitude of your whole lives for the opportunities you 
have received. Think of your country, whose hon- 
nour is handed down from succession to succession of 
her sons. Think of the world and of the political and 
moral regeneration it must undergo before the angels 
of peace, of humanity, and of religion, shall enjoy an 
uninterrupted flight over earth's utmost bounds* 
Think not that you are too insignificant to be taken 
into the account on this grand scale of benevolence. 
A single seed planted in season by a patriot or a 
christian hand, may overspread the earth. In one 
word, think of the good and great men who have gone 
before you from these venerable walls. Catch the 
voice that comes down to you, in the strong tones, of 
their wisdom and philanthropy, summon them indeed 
to your imaginations, and question them of the labours 
that they have finished in piety and peace: and they 
will cheer you on by the charms of virtue and the 
promises ot Religion. Spirits of Smith and Han- 
son, of Claggett^ and Carroll^ if in Paradise you 
can yet behold the child of your early prayers and 
patriot hopes, now strengthening into manhood, may 



28 

the thought fire the bosoms of these youth with the 
fervour of your tried virtues, in the cause of intelli- 
gence and freedom: and prepare them too for shrines 
in the hearts of their countrymen, and for stations 
with the spirits of just men made perfect^ in the 
mansions of the blessed! 

Note. The Rev. Dr. Smith, mentioned in the closing 
paragraph, was made the first President of St. John's, for 
the purpose of installing its first officers, on which occasion, 
he preached an Inaugural sermon. He afterwards went 
through the State, with the first subscription to its funds. 
Dr. Clagget, was one of the first Bishops of the Episcopal 
Church; and Chancellor Hanson, and the venerable Car- 
Roj,L, were among the earliest and most efficient members 
o\ t^e Board of Trustees. 



BOARD OF VISITORS AND GOVERNORS 



ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE, 



His Excellency JAMES THOMAS, ex-officio President. 
Hon. JOHN BUCHANAN. 
" WILLIAM B. MARTIN. 
" STEVENSON ARCHER. 
" THOMAS B. PORS^. 
" JOHN STEPHEN. 
" EZEKIEL F, CHAMBERS 
" THEODORIC BLAND. 
" JOHN G. CHAPMAN. 
«' WILLIAM J. BLAKISTONE. 
« JOSEPH KENT. 
•' ROBERT W. BOWIE. 

ALEXANDER C. MAGRUDER, Esq, 

SAMUEL RIDOUT, Esq. 

RICHARD HARWOOD,ofThos. Esq. 

JAMES BOYLE, Esq. 

NICHOLAS BREWER, Esq. 

HENRV MAYNADIER, Esq. 

WILLIAM H. MARRIOTT, Esq. 

THOMAS H. CARROLL, Esq. 

THOMAS S. ALEXANDER, Esq. 

JOHN N. WATKINS, Esq. 

THOMAS FRANKLIN, Esq. 

RAMSAY WATERS, Esq. 

DR. DENNIS CLAUDE, Esq. 

NICHOLA.S BREWER, JR. Esq. 

JEREMIAH HUGHES, Esq. 

GIDEON WHITE, Esq. 

ALEXANDER RANDALL, Esq. 

JOSEPH H. NICHOLSON, Esq. 

JOHN JOHNSON, Esq. 

Treasurer, 
GEORGE MACKUBIN, Esq. 

Secretary, 
GEORGE WELLS, Esq. 



FACULTY. 



Rev. HECTciRiHUMPHREYS, D. D. 

PRESIDENT AND PROFESSOR OF MORAL SCIENCE. 



JULIUS T. DUCATEL, M. D. 

PROFCSSOR OF CHEMISTRY, MINERALOGY, AND GEOLOGY. 



EDWARD SPARKS, M. D. 

PROFESSOR OF ANCIENT LANGUAGES. 



THOMAS E. SUDLER, A. M: 

PROFESSOR OF MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING. 



WILLIAM B. LEARY, A. M. 

PROFESSOR OF GRAMMAR. 



CHARLES T. FLUSSER, Esq. 

PROFESSOR OF MODERN LANGUAGES. 



31 



CLASS GRADUATED, February 21st, 1835. 



NAMES. 



RESIDENCE. 



Thomas Holme Hagner, A. B. 

Abram Claude, A. B. 

P^DWiN Boyle, A. B. 

Richard Smith Culbreth, A. B. 



Washington City* 
Annapolis. 
JInnapolis. 
Caroline County. 



Richard Creagh Mackubin, A. B. Annapolis. 



SENIOR CLASS. 



RESIDENCE. 



Thomas Granger, 
George Grundy, 
Richard Hayward, 
Joshua D. Johnson, 
George F. Johnson, 
George Edward Muse, 
"William J, Recder, 
John H. Reeder, 
Henry W. Thomas, 
Franklin Weems, 
Nicholas B. Worthlngton, 



Queen */9nne^s County. 
Baltimore City. 

Cambridge. 
Fiedeiick. 
*/9nnapoUs. 
Cambridge. 
Baltimore City. 

Do 
St. JMary's County, 
Elkrid<re. 
Jlnne Arundel County. 



JUNIOR CLASS. 



/^ 



1 



RfSIDENCE. 



John M. Brome, 
Frederick S. Brown, 
John Buchanan Hall, 
John W. Martin, 
Truman Tyler, 



St. Marxfs County. 

Charles County. 

Washington County. 

Cambridge. 

Prince George's County. 



a2 

SOPHOMORE CLASS. 



NAMES. 



RESIDENCE. 



Gecge S. Atkinson, 
William Tell Claude, 
Marius Duvall, 
James Higgins, 
Thomas Iglehart, 
Philip Lansdale, 
Charles N. Mackubin, 
William H* Thompson, 



Dorchester County. 
^nnapolis\ 

Do. 
jinne Jlrundel County, 

Do. 
Harford County^ 
Annapolis. 

Do. 



if 



FRESHiV:AN CLASS. 



RESIDENCE. 



John M. Brewer, 
Philip Culbreth, 
John W. Duvall, 
Thomas C. Gantt, 
Benjamin Gray, 
Reverdy Ghiselin, 
Jeremiah L. Hughes, 
Richard Hughlett, 
Thomas R. Kent, 
Absalom Ridgley, 
William C. Tuck, 
Brice J. Worthington, 
B. ThV Bv Worthington 



Snnafolis. 

Do 

Do 
Calvert County. 
Somerset County. 
Prince GeorgePs County. 
Jlnnapolis. 
Talbot County, 
jinne .Arundel County. 
Annapolis. 

Do 
Anne Arundel County. 

Do 



PARTIAL STUDENTS. 



RESIDENCE. 



John G. Boggs, 
Samuel Ridout, 
WilHam R. Goodman, 



Baltimore City. 
Anne Arundel County. 
Annapolis. 



33 

STUDENTS IN THE GRAMMAR SCHOOL. 

NAMES. llESIDENCE. 

George Barrott, ffashington City. 

John Basil, JJnnapoUs' 

Robert Bowie, Prince George's County. 

Lewellin Boyle, ^3nnapoUs. 

Jeremiah T. Chase, Do 

John Clavton, Do 

Henry Duvall, Do 

Richard R, Gaither, Do 

Alexander H. Gambrill, Do 

Benjamin H. Hall, ^nne ^^rundel County. 

Dennis Hart, /Simapolis. 

Ber.jamin Harwood, Jlnne Arundel County, 

George S. Humphreys, Annapolis, 

John T. E. Hyde, Do 

To willy C. Loockerman, Do 

Edward G. Maynard, Do 

Walter McNeir, Do 

George McNeir, Do 



COURSE OF STUDIES, EXPENSES, 4c. 



PREPARATORY STUDIES, VIZ.- 

Engliih Grammar; Geography; Arithmetick; Latin Gram- 
mar; Coiderius; ^sop'j Fables; Erasmus; Caesar's Com- 
mentaries, or Sallust; Eclogues, and first six books of the 
Mne,\i\ of Virgil; Cicero's Orations; Mair's Introduction, or 
Latin Tutor; Greek Grammar; Greek Delectus; and Jacob'd 
Greek Reader, and Prosody. 

Pupils not intending to enter College, will also be receiv- 
ed into the English Department, and will pursue such branch- 
es of Education, embraced in the course, as may suit their 
particular views. 

5 



34 
COLLEGIATE COURSE. 

FRESHMAN CLASS. 

FiaST TE&9I. 

Folsom's Livy. 

Graeca Majora— (Xenophon, Herodotus, Thucydides.) 

Greek and Roman Antiquities, History, and Mythology. 

SECOND T£RM. 

Horace, (Odes.) Virgil's Georgicks. 

Grseca Majora, (Lysias, Demosthenes, Isocrates.) 

AJgebra, with Arithmetic revised. 

THIBD TEEfll. 

Horace, (Satires and Epistles.) 

Grseca Majora, (Xenophon's Memorabilia, Plato.) - 

Algebra completed. 

Translations, Themes, and Declamations during the year. 



SOPHOMORE CLASS, 

FIRST TERM. 

Juvenal, (Leverett's ) 
Homer's Iliad, (Robinson's.) 
Plane Geometry, (Legendre's.) 

SECOND TERM. 

Cicero de Oratore, or Quintilian, 
Greeca Majora (Odyssey and Hesiod.) 
Solid Geometry, (Legendre's-) 

THIRD TERM. 

Rhetorick and Belles Lettres. — (Whateley.) 
Grseca Majora. — (Tragedians.) 
Logarithms; Plane and Spherical Trigonometry. 
Kxercises in original Composition and Elocution, during 
the year. 



35 

JUNIOR CLASS. 

FIRST TERM. 

Grseca Majora. (Minor Poets.) 

Applications of Trigonometry to the Mensuration of Heights 

and Distances, Navigation, Surveying, Levelling, &c. 
Moral Philosophy. (Abercrorabie's.) 

SECOND TERM, 

Tacitus. — (History.) 

Conick Sections. 

Chemistry, with Lectures (Turner's.) 

THIRD TERM. 

Tacitus — (Manners of the Germans, and Life of Agricola.) 
Natural Philosophy, with Lectures. (Olmsted's.) 
Elements of Criticism, with Lectures on the Fine Arts. — 

(Karnes') 
Debates, Compositions, and Declamations during the year< 



SENIOR CLASS. 

FIRST TERM. 

Natural Philosophy, finished, with Lectures. (Olmsted's.) 
Horace, De Arte Poetica, with Lectures on Taste, and a 

Revision of Latin. 
Logic, and Philosophy of the Mind. (VVhateley's.) 

SECOND TERM. 

Astronomy — with Lectures. (Cambridge.) 

Political Economy — with Lectures. (Say's.) 

Evidences of Christianity and Natural Theology. (Paley's.) 

THIRD TERM 

Laws of Nations — Constitution, and Civil and Political 

History of the United States. (Kent.) 
Butler's Analogy. 
Civil Engineering — (construction of Machines, Bridges, 

Roads, Canals, &c.) 
Mineralogy and Geology. (Shepard's.) 
Declamations of Original Pieces, Extemporaneous Debates, 

and Exercises in Criticism, during the year. 



36 

The study of the Modern Languages, shall be so arranged, 
as not materially to interfere with the College course. 

The officers of instruction, will endeavor to make the 
course of study as thorough as possible; and in no case will 
a Scholar be allowed to pass, to an advanced standing, till 
he shall have sustained all the previous examinations, to the 
satisfaction of the Faculty. 

Full Courses of Lectures are delivered to the classes" on 
Chemistry, Mineralogy and Geology; and on Natural Phi- 
losophy and Astronomy. 

The State Cabinet of Minerals, collected by the Geolo- 
gist of Maryland, is deposited in the College, and may be 
used, together with the College Cabinet, which of itself is 
quite respectable, in illustrating the Lectures on Mineralogy 
and Geology. 

EXPENSES. 

The College Bills are payable quarterly, in advance, as 
follows, viz: 

English Department, 
Preparatory Classes, 
Freshmen and Sophomore Classes, 
Senior and Junior Classes, 
The above Bills include all extras. 

No Commons are established; but board may be had in 
private families, for |120 per annum. 

Parents and Guardians are requested to place all monies 
intended for the use of the students, in the hands of one of 
the Professors, who will exercise a parental discretion, in 
their disbursement; and the following Law of the State, 
passed December session, 1834, is published for the infor- 
mation of all persons concerned. 

Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Jlssembly of Ma- 
ryland, That no person or persons shall give credit to any 
Student of St. John's College, being a minor, without the 
consent, in writing, of his Parent or Guardian, or of such 
Oflficer or Officers of the College, as may be authorised by 
the government thereof, to act in such cases, except for 
washing or medical aid. 

Sec. 2. And be it enacted, That if any person or persons 
shall give credit to any minor as aforesaid, contrary to the 
provisions of this act, he or they shall forfeit and pay to 
the Treasurer of the Western Shore of this State, a sum 
not less ihan twenty, nor more than three hundred dollars, 
according to the nature of the offence, and at the discre- 



|24 per 


annum 


40 do. 


do. 


40 do. 


do. 


50 do. 


do. 



37 

tion of the Court of Anne Arundel county; which may be 
recovered in any proper action before said Court. 

Sec. 3. ,/Snd be it enacted, That it shall be the duty of 
the Attorney General of this State, or his Deputy, on the 
complaint of any of the Officers aforesaid, to prosecute for 
all violations of this act. 

The plan of the subscription mentioned in the address, 
originated in the following resolutions, and is subjoined, to- 
gether with a list of the sums already obtained. 

Resolved, by the Visitors and Governors of St. John's 
College, that the Principal be authorised and requested to 
collect subscriptions, payable to the Visitors and Governors, 
to be applied by them, in the erection of suitable buildings, 
for the accommodation of students, and for improving and 
extending the library and philosophical Apparatus of the 
College, and that the Treasurer be authorised to pay lo (he 
Principal, the expenses he may incur, in carrying into effect 
this resolution. 

Resolved, by the Visitors and Governors of St. John's 
College, that the Governor of this State, His Exoeliency 
James Thomas, and the Hon. Benjamin S. Forrkst, 
and the Hon. Thomas Wright 3d. members of tliis 
Board, be a committee to ro-operate with the Principa], in 
makint]^ all suitable preparations, to carry in(o etFect the 
resolution of the Board, to collect subscriptions for the be- 
nefit of this Institution 

St. John's College Feb. 15th 1834. 

Copy of the Subscription. 
We the subscribers, hereby agree to pay to the Visitors 
and Governors of St. John's College, at Annapolis, Mary- 
land, or order, the sums of money opposite our names, res- 
pectively, in two equal instalments, to be applied, in carry- 
ing into effect the foregoing liesolulions; provided, however, 
that this subscription shall he void, unless at least ten 
thousand dollars, shall be subscribed as aforesaid; and on 
the completion of said subscription, the first instalment 
above mentioned, shall become due, and the other instal- 
ment, twelve months thereafter. 
Sept. 9th 1834. 

James Thomas, |500 

William Hughlett, 300 

Robert W. Bowie 250 

Wm. H. Marriott, 250 

Alexander C. Magruder, 200 

Henry Maynadier, 200 

FI. H. Harwood, 200 

George Mackubin, 20Q 



38 

Dennis Claude, |200 

Ramsay Waters, 200 

John Johnson, 200 

Nicholas Brewer Jr. 200 

Alexander Randall, 200 

Thomas S. Alexander, 200 

George Wells, 200 

Brice J. Worthington, 200 

Richard Harwood of Thos. 200 

Richard I. Jones, 200 

Thomas Oliver, 200 

Hector Humphreys, loO 

Robert W. Kent, loo 

Daniel Clarke, 100 

Gabriel Duval/, 100 

Fielder Cross, lOO 

William D. Bowie, 100 

John H. Sothoron, 100 

William Reeder, 100 

Robert Ghiselin, 100 

Samuel Maynard; lOQ 

Thomas Franklin, loO 

R. M. Chase, iqo 

Thomas S. Culbreth, loo 

Hyde Ray, 100 

James Iglehart, lOO 

Swann and Iglehart, lOO 

George F. Worthington, lOO 

George G. Brewer, lOO 

John B. Morris, loO 

Andrew McLaughlin, 100 

Thomas B. Dorsey, 100 

Charles Goldsborough, 100 

John C. Henry, 100 

Joseph E. Muse, 100 

Henry Page, 100 

G. C. Washington, 100 

Benj. S.Forrest, 100 

J. Nevitt Steele, 100 

Allen Thomas, 1 00 

Charles W. Dorsey, 100 

R. G. Stockett, 100 

R. W. Dorsey, 100 

Larkin Dorsey, 100 

John C. Weeras, 100 

Chas. S. W. Dorsey, 100 

Daniel Murray, 100 



39 



John H. Alexander, 


$100 


Gvvinn Harris, 


100 


N. F. Williams, 


100 


Thomas Sappington, 


100 


Robert H. Goldsborough, 


50 


E. S. Winder, 


50 


Andrew Skinner, 


50 


Jas. B. Steele, 


50 


Brice J. Goldsborough, 


60 


Thomas Hayward, 


50 


William W. Eccleston, 


60 


Chas. J. Kilgour, 


50 


J. H. Wilkinson, 


50 


Thos. E. Sudler, ; 


50 


J. Hughes, 


50 


R. J. Cowman, 


50 


John Randall, 


50 


Geo. McNeir, 


50 


Basil Shephard, 


50 


R.J. Crabb, 


50 


Thomas Duckett, 


50 


John H. Waring, 


50 


William Ghiselin, 


50 


J. G. Chapman, 


60 


Leonard Iglehart, 


50 


Wm. D. Merrick, 


50 


Charles H. Steele, 


60 


The balance of the subscription, will be 


published in a 


future Edition. 





It is proposed to collect at least thirty thousand dollars, 
for the purposes here specified; and it is proper to state that 
the buildings contemplated, are 

1st. A Large Collegiate Edifice. 

2d. A Spacious Grammar School. 

It is designed that these buildings shall be of the most 
approved construction. The plans have been prepared, and 
will be carried into execution as soon as the necessary funds 
shall be obtained. The principal building is intended for 
the accommodation of Students with board, lodging, ^c. 

Individuals willing to lend their aid to the objects of this 
subscription, are requested to communicate, by letter, with 
the Rev. II. Humphreys, Annapolis, authorising him to 
add their names to the above list, in either of the denomi. 
nations that they may designate; or, in case any check or 
order shall be trarsmiited, to make it payable to -Hhe 



40 

Treasurer of St. John's College, Maryland." All such sub- 
scriptions and contributions will be properly acknowledged 
by THE Visitors and Governors, and faithfully appro- 
priated to the above objects. 

Associations of individuals who may feel the importance 
of the undertaking, and wish to co-operate, by the donation 
of smaller suras, are requested to unite their respective con- 
tributions, and forward them to the same address, for the 
Treasurer. 

The hope is also entertained, that individuals of great 
wealth may be willing to imitate the larger donations and 
bequests, which are not unfrequently bestowed upon similar 
Institutions in other States, to found Professorships; to en- 
dow Libraries; or to erect College Halls, to be named by 
the respective donors as permanent memorials ot their mu- 
nificence. Individuals who have the ability may thus grati- 
fy a laudable desire to perpetuate their names, at the same 
time that they may enjoy the satisfaction of knowing, that 
their benefactions will promote the interests of science, hu- 
manity, and religion, to the latest posterit5% 



gi^Copies of this Address will be sent to all the Alumni 
of the College, who are especially requested to promote 
the object, both by their individual subscriptions, and by 
their efforts to obtain aid from the friends of Education, 
throughout the State. 

Errata. 

Page 8, line 40, for letters read letter. 
" 8, " 41, "nomines" " "nominis." 



3ff=0wing to the great hurry of the moment at which the 
foregoing form -was printed, the names o{ the following 
Students in the Grammar School were inadvertently omit- 
ted. 



NAMES. 



ItESIDKNCE. 



James McNeir, 
George Miller, 
Edward C. Mills, 
Henry M. Murray, 
James Reany, 
Horatio S. Ridout, 
Samuel Ridout, 
Richard Ridgley, 
William Ridgely, 
Alfred G. Ridgely, 
Richard H. Schwarar, 
Francis H. Stockett, 
John T. Taylor, 
Dennis C. Thompson, 
James C. Welch, 
Edward Williams, 
Levin Winder, 
James M. Winder, 
Charles F. Worlhington, 



Annapolis. 

Do 
Jlnne ./Arundel County. 
Jinnafolis. 
Baltimore Cily. 
Jinne -Arundel County. 
j3nnapolis. 

Do 

Do 

Do 

Do 
Jinne Arundel County. 
JlnnaipoUs. 

Do 

Do 
Anne t^rundel County. 
East on. 

Do 
Anne Mrundel County. 



